This paper aims to analyze how proceeding studies discussed roles and positions of farmer woman in farming communities and families in postwar Japan. To achieve the aim, this paper has three steps; 1) reconsider the periodization in proceeding studies and propose new periodization introduced the perspectives of impacts of urban-rural exchanges, 2) divide proceeding studies into political economy approach and sociological approach, and 3) how these approaches discussed roles and positions on farmer woman in each period.